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The Face on Mars
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Dichotomy
The Line of Dichotomy
two worlds welded together
- or perhaps one world ripped apart -
shaded areas in the southern hemiphere are 
between two and five miles higher in elevation 
from the lighter areas in the northern hemiphere



From: Fingerprints of the Gods - by Graham Hancock
Like the Hopi Indians of North America, the Avestic Aryans of pre-Islamic Iran believed that there were three epochs of creation prior to our own. In the first epoch men were pure and sinless, tall and long lived, but at its close the Evil One declared war against Ahura Mazda, the holy god, and a tumultuous cataclysm ensued. During the second epoch the Evil One was unsuccessful. In the third good and evil were exactly balanced. In the fourth epoch (the present age of the world), evil triumphed at the outset and has maintained its supremacy ever since.

The end of the fourth epoch is predicted soon, but it is the cataclysm at the end of the first epoch that interests us here. It is not a flood, and yet it converges in so many ways with so many global flood traditions that some connection is strongly suggested.

The Avestic scriptures take us back to a time of paradise on Earth, when the remote ancestors of the ancient Iranian people lived in the fabled Airyana Vaejo, the first good and happy creation of Ahura Mazda that flourished in the first age of the world: the mythical birthplace and original home of the Aryan race.

In those days the Airyana Vaejo enjoyed a mild and productive climate with seven months of summer and five months of winter. Rich in wilflife and in crops, its meadows flowing with streams, this garden of delights was converted into an uninhabitable wasteland of ten months winter and only two months summer as a result of the onslaught of Angra Mainyu, the Evil One.









Marvin the Martian
The Red Menace
As far back as historical records go, even in the most ancient mythologies, we seem to have almost instinctively wondered about the red planet. Before we even knew what a planet was: that little red moving star seemed important, somehow - moreso even than brighter Venus, Jupiter and Saturn; or quirky Mercury.

In the modern era, we have Little Green Men and even Marvin the Martian. From Perceval Lowell's canals, to "The Martian Chronicles" and "The War of the Worlds" the idea of life on Mars has become a part of our pop culture - and now it's a part of our reality.

Moreso than the moon, perhaps mostly because of its habitable possibilities, Mars is in the news. Probes are being sent at every opportunity, manned missions are being planned, even by private entities - and every square meter of "the little world that possibly could" is being thoroughly photographed from above and mapped for future reference. But some of the new images, especially those of The Face, seem doctored - widening the divide, in the interests of the NASA party line: that it's just "a trick of light and shadow" after all.

Less mentioned in the media: the rest of Cydonia, with its many pyramids and other curious anomalies, now coming into sharper view. The angles are still present, the alignments are still precise - their arrangement on the Martain plain still utilizing Sacred Geometry in relation to each other and their precise geographical position on the planet Mars. The Face may have been given a bad profile, but the entire complex is still astoundingly geometric, that must have been intentional.

And there are other anomalous, apparently archaeological, sites on Mars: Elysium Planitia, right on the Martain equator.

Mars, showing Volcanoes and Valles Marineris
If Cydonia were on Earth, it would be seen as the mother of all monuments - much older, likely inspiring the architects who designed other impressive ancient sites, such as Giza, Mexico City and Teohuanaco. Like a lost Michaelangelo or Van Gogh, found at a neighborhood garage sale, it's practically a fingerprint; a DNA signature - or even better, an eyewitness account: a physical depiction of the former residents of the ancient, once coastal region of Mars we call Cydonia.

This brings forth, into a more serious light, new questions as to the origins of Man and legends of ancient civilizations. It is easy to get carried away, and wonder: if our species actually originated on Mars; or merely colonized this solar system, from somewhere else far out in space; or if there are other humans civilizations out there, somewhere among the stars. But, no matter which came first, life on Earth, or life on Mars; this puzzle-piece of human history can help teach us something about our place in the universe. Will we dare to ask the improbable questions, and maybe learn from this, before it's too late - and possibly save ourselves from a similar fate?

No matter what the original purpose may have been for these structures, they were built to last. Were they intended to support a lasting human outpost? Were they created by ancestors stranded on a dying planet - desperate for anyone, even their estranged descendants to know the truth of their existence, or at least where we should begin looking for it? Whatever the reason, one effect has triumphed - these gigantic monuments, averaging a cubic mile apiece, shout to the heavens "we were here" - and in the absence of clouds, anyone with a powerful enough telescope can tell what specific species is represented in indigenous stone. Even carved out of natural outcroppings, the project was a phenomenal undertaking by our standards - so it either meant a very great deal to them, or it was no trouble at all. Either scenario is Earth shattering - or in this case, Mars shattering - literally.

Exactly opposite the four largest volcanoes on Mars (and, indeed, the entire solar system), is Hellas Planitia, (aka: Hellas Impact Basin), which is actually a giant crater: the largest on Mars (and again, in the entire solar system), with a diameter of about 1400 Miles (2300 km), about the size of Australia - and four miles deep. At the bottom, the atmospheric pressure is almost double that of the Martain "sea level" - making the air just thick enough for liquid water, if the temperature gets above freezing. This is the deep point of Mars' surface - and if we ever terraform, this is probably where the first lakes will be.

The volume of water it would take to fill Hellas Basin, if spread evenly over the surface of Mars, would be an eighth of a mile (200 meters) deep. But the Basin probably never had water in it. When it was created, something that size, an impact of that magnatude: if Mars ever had any water (and we have strong evidence supporting that it once did, in abundance), this is the incident that changed the planet into the frozen desert it is today. And much of the evidence, in support of water on Mars, has great volumes of it, rushing across vast plains, carrying boulders with it as it went - rocks that, themselves, show no sign of water erosion. The water, literally, disappeared into thin air.

"DARK ZONES" AT THE BOTTOM OF VALLES MARINERIS
from: ufologie.net February, 2004 - (Babel Fish Translation)
ESA scientist: "the data is in too quick to leave time 
to understand certain mysterious dark spots, sunk in 
the large canyon of Mars and along certain valleys. 
They could be sedimentary deposits that the OMEGA 
instrument of the probe should be able to identify soon.
Mars Express: Eos Chasma giant version (1.5 MB)
Mars is thought to have been volcanically dormant for a very long time (between several hundred million and a few billion years) - but that dating is based on the amount of impact craters: supposing, assuming (as is the case today), such events are relatively very few and far between. - or date from as far back as the origins of the solar system. But, if the majority of them happened more or less all at once, Mars could have much more recently been active, alive and flourishing; even by Earth standards.

The theory goes that in some ancient cataclysm, Mars was hit so hard by a giant meteor: the intense shockwave created Mars' massive volcanoes, including: Olympus Mons (with a peak of about 16 miles, or 27km), the Tharsis Bulge, and upon it, the three Tharsis Montes volcanoes: Arsia, Pavonis and Ascraeus. (at 9.6, 8.4 and 10.8 miles; or 16, 14 and 18 km elevation, respectively). Their near precise triangular arrangement matches known impact patterns - it would be inexplicable, if found to be the result of anything else.

In this event, it is theorized that much of Mars' crust was blasted out into space (on the opposite side of the planet from impact); which immediately rained back down on the planet's surface; In the process, the atmosphere is nearly obliterated; and with so much less pressure, the ocean quickly evaporates - the only remnants being at the poles and thinly distributed bits of moisture trapped in the ground as permafrost.

Also possibly created in this catastrophe: Valles Marineris, the largest known rift on a planet's surface: which dwarfs the Grand Canyon, at 2000 miles (3000 km) long and 350 miles (200 km) wide - near the Martain equator, dividing the eastern end of the Tharsis Bulge: which is unique planetwide, for that elkevation, in that it has no very large impact craters, indicating a relatively new surface. - half the planet's surface must have been on fire

Mars' curious, almost total, lack of a magnetic field lends further credence to the theory of a great and deep, perhaps multiple asteroid impact. To clinch this theory, scientists would have to determine if it is possible that most, or even all, ejecta material as evidence of volcanic activity, could have indeed happened suddenly, and all at once.

Mars' moons, Phobos and Diemos, are but tiny potato shaped chunks of seemingly unrelated matter. Long thought to be captured asteroids, however unlikely that may seem, it is now hypothesized that these tiny orbiting lumps of battered charcoal may be remnants of just such an event. Or, they may be all that is left of a moon of Mars, that collapsed - the major portions of which, having fallen in first.


Phobos and Deimos
shown together, for scale
tiny "captured asteroids"
at only 17 and 10 miles 
(27 and 16 km) at widest










Topographical Map of Mars
click for large version







Olympus Mons peeking above the clouds
just at the edge of the Martian atmosphere. 




Ancient Martian Riverbed 
from Mars Global Surveyor
showing only one crater 
in the riverbed, itself




from: astronomy.com - February 24, 2005
Pack-ice-like plates cover the ground in Mars' southern Elysium Planitia, a possible relic of an ice-covered sea. A team of planetary geologists thinks some of the ice probably is still in the ground. The image frame spans about 25 miles (40 km), and the scale of the features matches that of pack ice on Earth.



Residual Water Ice
Vastitas Borealis Crater

photo: ESA/DLR/FU Berlin (G. Neukum)
The HRSC on ESA's Mars Express obtained this perspective view on 2 February 2005 during orbit 1343 with a ground resolution of approximately 15 metres per pixel. It shows an unnamed impact crater located on Vastitas Borealis, a broad plain that covers much of Mars's far northern latitudes, at approximately 70.5� North and 103� East. The crater is 35 kilometres wide and has a maximum depth of approximately 2 kilometres beneath the crater rim. The circular patch of bright material located at the centre of the crater is residual water ice. The colours are very close to natural, but the vertical relief is exaggerated three times. The view is looking east.
RST Section 19: Missions to
Mars during the Third Millenium
One surprise Express find: a standing body of frozen water in a large "pond" within a crater some 35 km (21 miles) diameter in the Vastitas Borealis region at a high latitude south of the Northern Ice Cap:
RST Section 19
Mars Express has also confirmed the presence of water in the South Polar Cap ice. It has an instrument, Omega, that has a Visible-IR spectrometer. Below, the right image is a visible color view of part of that Cap; in the center, the blue pattern demarcates the frozen carbon dioxide; in the left image, the blue indicates a frozen water response:


















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